Electric-circuit making and breaking relay



R.HA5E- ELECTRIC CIRCUIT MAKENG AND BEEAKINC RELAY iled July 5,

lwwz zr 4 lllillll-ZL Mar. 15, 192?,

outrun srarss rarer orric L INANZIELE IMAATSCHAPIPIJ DEIEBERGEN, 0EAMSTERDAM, NETEERLAEES.

\ ELECTBIG-GIRCUIT MAKING AND BREAKING RELAY.

Application filed July 5, 19:21, Serial No.

This invention relates to a device for automatically making and breakingan electric circuit with the commencement and ceasing of speakingcurrents and similar electric oscillations.

The alitoniaticanaking and breaking of an electric circuit by means ofspeaking currents is a problem with which the technologist is not seldomconfronted. It has however not yet been possible satisfactorily toovercome the special difficulties which arise. The cause of thesedifliculties is as follows-Every speaking current is co1nposed of abasic current and its variations, which latter correspond to thespeaking sounds and are superimposed on the basic current. The speakingcurrents are always produced only by a microphone, the inner resistanceof which is well known to vary within wide limits. The consequence ofthis is that the basic current also experiences relatively largevariations. Now it has not hitherto been possible to utilize thisgreatly varying basic current in order to operate a relay in a reliablemanner, that is to say, in such a manner as to enable it, independentlyof the particular strength of the basic current, to close the secondarycircuit at the commencement of speaking currents, or to be moreaccurate, at the commencement of the variations in the basic currentwhich correspond to the speaking currents, and to break the circuitagain when these variations cease.

According to this invention, this difliculty is overcome by mea-nsot aspecial shape of the armature and contact of the relay. The armaturerests, with a resilient tongue on a rigid abutment, so that anyvariations of the basic current, which are independent of the speakingcurrents, will only produce a greater or less degree of bending of thearmature. A freely oscillating hammer rests loosely on the armature, andthe circult to be influenced passes over the armature and the hammer.The latter oscillates in an upward and downward direction according tothe variations which correspoui'l to the speaking sounds, and in thismanner, it causes the making and breaking of the circuit to beinfluenced.

The invention is carried out as follows,

482,629, and in Germany August at, 1920.

and is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 showsone method constru the new relay, and

Fig. 2 shows a diagram of the connections for utiliziz the new relay forthe purpose of automati ally making and breaking "he circuit of a motormeans of speal currents.

'The relay comprises a. permanent magnet 11, bent approximately to U shae, to the pole ends of which E, a plate C 0t nonmagnetic material issecured. oils B, through which the electric oscillations flow, aredisposed on the pole shoes. The arniature E, which is insulated withreference to'the plate C, is rotatably mounted at one end, for example,on the bearing F, and it comprises a resilient tongue G, by means ofwhich it rests on an adjustable rigid support H. A contact J is providedon the upper side of the armature E. An arm K is also disposed on theplate 0 and insulated i.

therefrom, and the said arm it: carries by means of a bearing L, api'votally mount ed hammer M, which rests loosely on the contact J ofthe armature. The electric circuit which is to be influenced, is ledover the armature E, contact J, hammer M and arm K.

i It now the strength of the basic current passing through the coils D,which strength is independent of the speaking currents, varies, then thearmature E will be attracted to agreater or less degree, and theresilient tongue G will bend acco dingly. The hammer M however, followsthese movements throughout, so that there is no breakingof the circuitto be influenced. Such a circuit breaking only takes place when thearmature E commences to oscillate as a result of changes, correspondingto the speaking sounds, in the current passing through the coils D.

In order to enable the sensitiveness of the relay to be varied in asimple manner, it is rotatably mounted on a pivot N on the stand C, sothat its position can be varied with reference to the horizontal.

One example of the connections of tlle'new relay, and of its couplingwith the other necessary appliances is illustrated in Fig. 2.

ing sounds.

in this case it is assumed that the problem is to cause the motor of aparlograph, dictaphone, tclephonograph, or like instrument, to be runonly for such time during which it is desired to take an impression onthe roller in consequence of the presence of speaking currents. Thespeaking currents arriving for example by the lines 1, 2, from anexchange not shown, pass through the telephonograph or'like device 3,and the primary coil 4 of a transformer, the sec ondary coil 5 of which,is connected in the usual manner with a boosting lamp 6. Thestrengthened speaking current-s pass through the winding 7 ot arecording machine, the rod 8 of which records the conversation on theroller 9, and through the winding 10 ot' a so-called microphonicbooster. The armature 11 of the latter acts on the filling of amicrophone. The armature '11 and block 12 of the microphone areconnected through a source of current 13, with the winding D of theabove described new relay. The armature E and hammer M in this caseguide the circuit for the driving motor 14 of the telephonograph or likeinstrument, not directly, but with interposition of a highly sensitive,preferably polarized, relay 15 and a time relay 16.

The operation of the device according to Fig. 2 is as follows In thefirst place the speaking currents are strengthened by the lamp 6, and onthe one hand they operate the recording device 7, 8, and on the otherthe microphone relay 11, 12. The latter still further strengthens thechanges which correspond to the speak- At the same time however,considerable variations of the basic current take place in the secondarycircuit of the microphone relay. As already explained, the relay D, E, Monly transfers such changes as correspond to speaking sounds to itssec.- ondary circuit, the highly sensitive relay 15 reacts to these, andin a short time it closes and opens the circuit of the time relay 16.The latter is so constructed in any known or special manner, that whenits armature has once been attracted, it holds the latter in operativeposition for a certain time, so that the motor 14: is not immediatelydeprived of its current after every small im pulse of the speakingcurrent. This only occurs with a longer speaking pause.

Although, in the arrangement described above with reference to Fig. 2,on the one hand a boosting lamp, and a microphone rclay are connected infront of the new relay, and on the other hand. the operation of thedriving motor 14 is effected by means of the two relays 15, 16, theinvention is not limited to the necessity for the presence of all thesedevices and relays. They are provided for the better andmore reliableworking,

' although in fact they are quite outside the scope or spirit of theprcsent'invention. Furthermore, it is by no means necessary, that thecircuit operated by the new relay should always contain a motor.Signalling circuits for example, can also, be operated in a similarmanner.

I claim:

1. A device for automatically making and breaking an electric circuitwith the comniencement and ceasing of speaking currents, and similarelectric oscillations, comprising an clectro-magnet, a permanent magnetpolarizing said electro-magnet, an armature for said electro-magnetconsisting of an iron member rotatably mounted at one endand having aresilient tongue, permanently resting on a fixed abutment at its otherend, a pivoted hammer loosely resting on the armature and free to beswun away therefrom under the influence of spea ng currents, and

to return to its normal position under the influence of its own weight,an electric contact between the hammer and the armature adapted to closethe circuit to be influenced by contact between said hammer and saidarmature and to break said circuit on said hammer being raised from saidarmature.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1 including i which the whole device isso that the sensitiveness a fixed support on pivotally mounted of thecontact adjustment between the hammer and the armature maybe varied.

3. A device for automatically making and breaking an electric circuitwith the commencement and ceasing of speaking currents and similaroscillations, comprising an electro-magnet member. a plate carried bythe poles of said member, a bearing on said plate insulated therefrom, arelay armature freely mounted on said bearing, a rigid abutmentadjustably-mounted on said plate, a resilient member carried by saidarmature and resting on said abutment, and a pivoted and weighted memberadapted to rest loosely on and in electrical contact with the armature,the whole being so constructed and arranged that the electrical contactbetween said -pivoted member and said armature is adapted to be brokenby the interruption of speaking currents, without being affected byvariations in the current normally passing through said electro-magneticmember.

4. The device as claimed in claim 1, in which a microphone relay isconnected in the circuit in front of the relay.

5. A device for automatically breaking an electric circuit with thecommencement and ceasing ol speaking currents, and similar electricoscillations, comprising an clcctro-magnet, a permanent magnetpolarizing said electro-magnet, an armature for said electro-magnctconsisting of an iron member rotatably mounted titone end and having aresilient tongue, permanently resting 'on a fixed abutment at its otherend,

making and rents. and to return to its nerrnai position under theinfluenve of itsiiewn weight, an

electric eoni'ziet between the hammer and the armature adapted to closethe circuit to be influenced by contact between said hammer and saidarmature and to break said circuir on said hammer being raised fromsaid. annmtmte, said device having a highly sensitive relay, and a, timei'eiayconnecfed in the circuit with the said relay.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

RUDOLF HASE.

